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66tii Congress,) HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. j Report 
2d Session, j | No 813. 


RETIREMENT OF EMPLOYEES IN CLASSIFIED CIVIL 

SERVICE. 


April 8, 1920.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the 
Union and ordered to be printed. 


W . , House.. 

Mr. Lehlbach ; from the|Committee on Reform in the Civil Service,! 
submitted the following 


REPORT. 

[To accompany S. 1699.] 


The Committee on Reform in the Civil Service, to which was 
referred S. 1699, reports the same to the House with amendments, 
with the recommendation that the amendments be agreed to and 
the bill as amended be passed. 

The amendments are as fofiows: 

Page 1, line 4, after the word “the” strike out the words “passage 
and.” 

Page 1, line 7, strike out the word “seventy” and insert in lieu 
thereof “sixty-five.” 

Page 1, line 10, strike ou$ the period, insert a colon, and insert the 
following: 

Provided , That mechanics, city and rural letter carriers, and post-office clerks shall 
be eligible for retirement at sixty-two years of age, and railway postal clerks at sixty 
years of age. 

Page 1, line 11, after the word “include” insert the words “Ameri¬ 
can employees of the Panama Canal above the grade of laborer.” 

Page 1, line 13, after the word “Congress” insert the words “and 
the Botanic Gardens.” 

Page 2, lines 10 and 11, after the word “Columbia” strike out the 
words “appointed directly by the Commissioners.” 

Page 2, line 22, at the conclusion of the paragraph, add a paragraph 
as follows: 

The provisions of this act shall extend to all persons who were in the service of the 
Government on the 30th day of September, 1919. 

Page 5, line 13, at the conclusion of the paragraph add a paragraph 
as follows: 

Whenever the contribution, with interest, of the employee at the age of retirement 
will purchase an annuity of the kind provided for herein in excess of the annuity 
herein provided, the employee shall receive an annuity of the amount his contribu¬ 
tions with interest will purchase. 

Page 14, line 15, strike out the words “reaching the retiring age,” 
rand insert in lieu thereof the words “becoming eligible for retirement 
1 on an annuity.” 








2 RETIREMENT OF EMPLOYEES IN CLASSIFIED CIVIL SERVICE. 

Page 14, line 19, after the word “employee” insert the words: 

Provided , That all money so returned to an employee must be redeposited before 
such employee may derive any benefit under the provisions of this act upon rein¬ 
statement or retransfer to a classified position. 

Page 17, lines 22 and 23, after the word “to” strike out the words 
“protect the public interest and.” 

This bill as reported is substantially the same as H. P. 3149, re¬ 
ported on July 15, 1919, accompanied by report No. 120 of the 
Sixty-sixth Congress, first session, to which reference is made as to the 
merits of this measure. The important changes made in S. 1699 as 
reported, from the shape in which it passed the Senate, consist in the 
substitution of 65 years as the retirement age for employees generally 
and the age of 62 years for mechanics, city and rural letter carriers, 
and post-office clerks, and 60 years for railway postal clerks. 

The proponents of the 70-year age limit take the position that 
many employees are still capable of efficient service between the ages 
of 65 and 70 years and that those who are incompetent may be 
retired under section 5 of the bill. This section, the disability clause, 
applies only to those employees who become totally disabled for 
useful and efficient service by reason of disease or injury. Thus it 
will be seen that employees between 65 and 70 years, who by reason 
of age are no longer wholly efficient, and whose services in consequence 
are not at all commensurate with the salaries paid them, may not be 
retired if they are still able to render some modicum of service. Thus 
one of the principal objects sought to be achieved by a retirement bill 
will be in a degree lost, and incompetent superannuates between the 
agestrf 65 and 70 years will still retard efficient work in the departments 
and swell the pay roll. 

On the other hand, the bill provides for a retention in service, for 
successive two-year periods, of employees reaching the retirement age 
whose faculties are unimpaired. As th^re are practically no oppor¬ 
tunities for remunerative employment *for persons over 65 years of 
age, who for many years have devoted themselves exclusively to 
Government service, the great majority of employees who are still 
capable of efficient service will seek: to be retained and thus receive 
their full salaries rather than a fraction thereof as annuities. 

Consequently, if the amendments proposed by your committee 
are agreed to, the Government will retain the services of practically 
all capable employees between the ages of 65 and 70 years and will 
have an opportunity to rid the service of the incompetents, while 
under the bill unamended the Government will be forced as hereto¬ 
fore to retain on the pay rolls all employees between the ages of 65 
and 70, whether competent or not. 

Your committee is decidedly of the opinion that a distinction of 
retirement age should be made between Government employees gen¬ 
erally who do clerical work under comfortable circumstances and 
mechanics, rural and city letter carriers, and railway mail clerks, 
the strenuous character of whose occupations results in loss of effi¬ 
ciency at an earlier age. In substantiation of this view of your 
committee the following statement from the Postmaster General, 
with regard to railway postal clerks, is submitted: 

Number of railway postal clerks in the classified civil service 60 years of age or 


over. 889 

Number of such employees who by reason of age are not wholly efficient.872 


o 




(A) 

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<V 

[Public —-No. 215— 66th Congress.] 
[S. 1699.] 


An Act For the retirement of employees in the classified civil 
service, and for other purposes. 


Be it enacted hy the Semite and House of Representa tives of the United 
States of America in Congress assembled, That beginning at the expira¬ 
tion of ninety days next following the passage of this Act, all em¬ 
ployees in the classified civil service of the United States who have 
on that date, or shall have on any date thereafter, reached the age 
of seventy years and rendered at least fifteen years of service com¬ 
puted as prescribed in section 3 of this Act, shall be eligible for 
retirement on an annuity as provided in section 2 hereof: Provided , 
That mechanics, city and rural letter carriers, and post-office clerks 
shall be eligible for retirement at sixty-five years of age, and railway 
postal clerks at sixty-two years of age, if said mechanics, city and 
rural letter carriers, post-office clerks, and railway postal clerks shall 
have rendered at least fifteen years of service computed as prescribed 
in section 3 of this Act. 

The provisions of this Act shall include superintendents of United 
States national cemeteries, employees of the Superintendent of the 
United States Capitol Buildings and Grounds, the Library of Con¬ 
gress, and the Botanic Gardens, excepting persons appointed by the 
President and confirmed by the Senate, and may be extended by 
Executive order, upon recommendation of the Civil Service Com¬ 
mission, to include any employee or group of employees in the civil 
service of the United States not classified at the time of the passage of 
this Act. The President shall have power, in his discretion, to exclude 
from the operation of this Act any employee or group of employees 
in the classified civil service whose tenure of office or employment is 
intermittent or of uncertain'duration. 

All regular annual employees of the municipal government of the 
District of Columbia, appointed directly by the commissioners, or by 
other competent authority including those receiving per diem com¬ 
pensation paid out of general appropriations, but whose services are 
continuous, and including public-school employees, excepting school 
officers and teachers, shall be included in the provisions of this Act, 
but members of the police and fire departments shall be excluded 
therefrom. 

Postmasters, and such employees of the Lighthouse Service as 
come within the provisions of section 6 of the Act of June 20, 1918, 
entitled, “ An Act to authorize aids to navigation and for other works 
in the Lighthouse Service, and for other purposes/’ shall not be 
included in the provisions of this Act. 

Sec. 2. That for the purpose of determining the amount of annuity 
which retired employees shall receive, the folio whig classifications and 
rates shall be established: 

Class A shall include all employees to whom this Act applies who 
shall have served the United States for a total period of thirty years 
or more. The annuity to a retired employee in this class shall equal 


2 


[Pub. 215 .] 


60 per centum of such employee’s average annual basic salary, pay, or 
compensation from the United States for the ten years next preceding 
the date on which he or she shall retire: Provided, That in no case 
shall an annuity in this class exceed $720 per annum or be less than 
$360 per annum. 

Class B shall include all employees to whom this Act applies who 
shall have served the United States for a total period of twenty-seven 
years or more, but less than thirty years. The annuity to a retired 
employee in this class shall equal 54 per centum of such employee’s 
average annual basic salary, pay, or compensation from the United 
States for the ten years next preceding the date on which he or she 
shall retire: Provided , That in no case shall an annuity in this class 
exceed $648 per annum, or be less than $324 per annum. 

Class C shall include all employees to whom this Act applies who 
shall have served the United States for a total period of twenty-four 
years or more, but less than twenty-seven years. The annuity to a 
retired employee in this class shall equal 48 per centum of such em¬ 
ployee’s average annual basic salary, pay, or compensation from the 
United States for the ten years next preceding the date on which he 
or she shall retire: Provided, That in no case shall an annuity in this 
class exceed $576 per annum, or be less than $288 per annum. 

Class D shall include all employees to whom this Act applies who 
shall liaveserved the United States for a total period of twenty-one years 
or more, but less than twenty-four years. The annuity to a retired 
employee in this class shall equal 42 per centum of such employee’s 
average annual basic salary, pay, or compensation from the United 
States for the ten years next preceding the date on which he or she 
shall retire: Provided, That in no case shall an annuity in this class 
exceed $504 per annum, or be less than $252 per annum. 

Class E shall include all employees to whom this Act applies who 
shall have served the United States for a total period of eighteen 
years or more, but less than tweiity-one years. The annuity to a 
retired employee in this class shall equal 36 per centum oi such 
employee’s average annual basic salary; pay, or compensation from 
the United States for the ten years next preceding the date on which 
he or she shall retire: Provided, That in no case shall an annuity in 
this class exceed $432 per annum, or be less than $216 per annum. 

Class F shall include all employees to whom this Act applies who 
shall have served the United States for a total period of fifteen years 
or more, but less than eighteen years. The annuity to a retired 
employee in this class shall equal 30 per centum of such employee’s 
average annual basic salary, pay, or compensation from the United 
States for the ten years next preceding the date on which he or she 
shall retire: Provided, That in no case shall an annuity in this class 
exceed $360 per annum, or be less than $180 per annum. 

The term “basic salary, pay, or compensation” wherever used in 
this Act shall be so construed as to exclude from the operation of 
the Act all bonuses, allowances, overtime pay, or salary, pay, or 
compensation given in addition to the base pay of the positions as 
fixed by law or regulation. 

Sec. 3. That for the purposes of this Act and subject to the 
provisions of section 10 hereof, the period of service shall be com¬ 
puted from the date of original employment, whether as a classified 
or unclassified employee in the civil service of the United States, 


' 


[Pub. 215 .) 


3 


and shall include periods of service at different times and services 
in one or more departments, branches, or independent offices of the 
Government, and shall also include service performed under author¬ 
ity of the United States beyond seas, and honorable service in the 
Army, Navy, Marine Corps, or Coast Guard of the United States: 
Provided , That in the case of an employee who is eligible for and 
elects to receive a pension under any law, or compensation under 
the War Risk Insurance Act, the period of his or her military or 
naval service upon which such pension or compensation is based 
shall not be included for the purpose of assignment to classes defined 
in section 2 hereof, but nothing contained in this Act shall be so 
construed as to affect in any manner his or her right to a pension, 
or to compensation under the War Risk Insurance Act, in addition 
to the annuity herein provided. 

It is further provided that in computing length of service for the 
purposes of this Act all periods of separation from the service and 
so much of any period of leave of absence as may exceed six months 
shall be excluded, and that in the case of substitutes in the Postal 
Service only periods of active employment shall be included. 

Sec. 4. That for the purpose of administration, except as otherwise 
provided herein, the Commissioner of Pensions, under the direction 
of the Secretary of the Interior, be, and is hereby, authorized and 
directed to perform, or cause to be performed, any and all acts and 
to make such rules and regulations as may be necessary and proper 
for the purpose of carrying the provisions of this Act into full force 
and effect. An appeal to the Secretary of the Interior shall lie 
from the final action or order of the Commissioner of Pensions 
affecting the rights or interests of any person or of the United States 
under this Act, the procedure on appeal to be as prescribed by 
the Commissioner of Pensions, with the approval of the Secretary of 
the Interior. 

Sec. 5 . That any employee to whom this Act applies who shall 
have served for a total period of not less than fifteen years, and who, 
before reaching the retirement age as fixed in section 1 hereof, be¬ 
comes totally disabled for useful and efficient service by reason of 
disease or injury not due to vicious habits, intemperance, or willful 
misconduct on the part of the employee, shall upon his or her own 
application or upon the request or order of the head of the depart¬ 
ment, branch, or independent office concerned, be retired on an 
annuity under the provisions of section 2 hereof: Provided , however , 
That no employee shall be retired under the provisions of this sec¬ 
tion until examined by a medical officer of the United States or a 
duly qualified physician or surgeon or board of physicians or sur¬ 
geons designated by the Commissioner of Pensions for that purpose 
and found to be disabled in the degree and in the manner specified 
herein. 

Every annuitant retired under the provisions of this section, 
unless the disability for which retired is permanent in character, 
shall, at the expiration of one year from the date of such retirement 
and annually thereafter until reaching the retirement age as defined 
in section 1 hereof, be examined under direction of the Commis¬ 
sioner of Pensions by a medical officer of the United States, or a 
duly qualified physician or surgeon or board of physicians or surgeons 
designated by the Commissioner of Pensions for that purpose, in 



4 


[Pub. 215.] 


order to ascertain the nature and degree of the annuitant’s disability, 
if any; if the annuitant recovers and is restored to his or her former 
earning capacity before reaching the retirement age, payment of 
the annuity shall be discontinued from the date of the medical 
examination showing such recovery; if the annuitant fails to appear 
for examination as required under this section, payment of the 
annuity shall be suspended until continuance of the disability has 
been satisfactorily established. The Commissioner of Pensions is 
hereby authorized to order or direct at any time such medical or 
other examination as he shall deem necessary to determine the facts 
relative to the nature and degree of disability of any employee 
retired on an annuity under this section. 

Fees for examinations made under the provisions of this section 
by physicians or surgeons who are not medical officers of the United 
States shall be fixed by the Commissioner of Pensions, and such 
fees, together with the employee’s reasonable traveling and other 
expenses incurred in order to submit to such examinations, shall 
be paid out of the appropriations for the cost of administering 
this Act. 

In all cases where the annuity is discontinued under the provi¬ 
sions of this section before the annuitant has received a sum equal 
to the total amount of his or her contributions with accrued interest, 
the difference shall be paid to the retired employee, or to his or her 
estate, upon application therefor in such form and manner as the 
Commissioner or Pensions may direct. 

No person shall be entitled to receive an annuity under the pro¬ 
visions of this Act, and compensation under the provisions of the 
Act of September 7, 1916, entitled “An Act to provide compensa¬ 
tion for employees of the United States suffering injuries while in 
the performance of their duties, and for other purposes,” covering 
the same period of time; but this provision shall not be so construed 
as to bar the right of any claimant to the greater benefit conferred 
by either Act for any part of the same period of time. 

Sec. 6. That ail employees to whom this Act applies shall, upon the 
expiration of ninety days next succeeding its passage, if of reUrement 
age, or thereafter on arriving at retirement age as defined in section 1 
hereof, be automatically separated from the service, and all salary, 
pay, or compensation shall cease from that date, and it shall be the 
duty of the head of each department, branch, or independent office 
of the Government to notify such employees under his direction of the 
date of such separation from the service at least sixty days in advance 
thereof': Provided , That no person employed in the executive depart¬ 
ments within the District of Columbia, retired under the provisions 
of this Act during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, shall be re¬ 
placed by additional employees, but if the exigencies of the service so 
require, places made vacant by such retirement may be filled by pro¬ 
motion or transfer of eligible employees already in the service: Pro¬ 
vided , That if within sixty days after the passage of this Act or not less 
than thirty days before the arrival of an employee at the age of retire¬ 
ment, the head of the department, branch, or independent office of 
the Government in which he or she is employed certifies to the Civil 
Service Commission that by reason of his or her efficiency and willing¬ 
ness to remain in the civil service of the United States the continuance 
of such employee therein would be advantageous to the public service, 


[Pub. 215.] 


5 


such employee may be retained for a term not exceeding two years 
upon approval and certification by the Civil Service Commission, and 
at the end of the two years he or she may, by similar approval and 
certification, be continued for an additional term not exceeding two 
years, and so on: Provided , however , Tnat at the end of ten years after 
this Act becomes effective no employee shall be continued in the civil 
service of the United States beyond the age of retirement defined in 
section 1 hereof for more than four years. 

Sec. 7. That every employee who is or hereafter becomes eligible 
for retirement because of age as provided in this Act, shall, within 
sixty days after its passage or thirty days before reaching the retire¬ 
ment age, or at any time thereafter, file with the Commissioner of 
Pensions, in such form as he may prescribe, an application for an 
annuity, supported by a certificate from the head of the department, 
branch, or independent office of the Government in which the appli¬ 
cant has been employed, stating the age and period or periods of 
service of the applicant and salary, pay, or compensation received 
during such periods, as shown by the official records: Provided how¬ 
ever, That in the case of an employee who is to be continued in the 
civil service of the United States beyond the retirement age as pro¬ 
vided in section 6 hereof, he or she may make application for retire¬ 
ment at any time within such period of continuance in the service; 
but nothing contained in this Act shall be construed to prevent the 
compulsory retirement of such employee when in the judgment of the 
head of the department, branch, or independent office in which he 
or she is employed such retirement would promote the best interests 
of the service. 

Upon receipt of satisfactory evidence the Commissioner of Pen¬ 
sions shall forthwith adjudicate the claim of the applicant, and if 
title to annuity be established, a proper certificate shall be issued to 
the annuitant under the seal of the Department of the Interior. 

Annuities granted under this Act for retirement on account of 
age shall commence from the date of separation from the service on 
or after the date this Act shall take effect, and shall continue dur¬ 
ing the life of the annuitant. Annuities granted for disability 
under the provisions of section 5 hereof shall be subject to the limi¬ 
tations specified in said section. 

Sec. 8. That beginning on the first day of the third month next 
following the passage of this Act and monthly thereafter there shall 
be deducted and withheld from the basic salary, pay, or compensa¬ 
tion of each employee to whom this Act applies a sum equal to 2J 
per centum of such employee’s basic -salary, pay, or compensation. 
The Secretary of the Treasury shall cause the said deductions to be 
withheld from all specific appropriations for the particular salaries 
or compensation from which the deductions are made and from all 
allotments out of lump-sum appropriations for payments of such 
salaries or compensation for each fiscal year, and said sums shall be 
transferred on the books of the Treasury Department to the credit 
of a special fund to be known as “the civil-service retirement and 
disability fund,” and said fund is hereby appropriated for the pay¬ 
ment of annuities, refunds, and allowances as provided in this Act. 

The Secretary of the Treasury is hereby directed to invest from 
time to time, in interest-bearing securities of the United States, 
such portions of the “civil-service retirement and disability fund” 


6 


[Pub. 215.J 


hereby created as in his judgment may not be immediately required 
for the payment of annuities, refunds, and allowances as herein 
provided, and the income derived from such investments shall con¬ 
stitute a part of said fund for the purpose of paying annuities and 
of carrying out the provisions of section 11 of this Act. 

The Secretary of the Treasury is hereby authorized and empow¬ 
ered in carrying out the provisions of this Act to supplement the 
individual contributions of employees with moneys received in the 
form of donations, gifts, legacies, bequests, or otherwise, and to 
receive, invest, and disburse for the purposes of this Act all moneys 
which may be contributed by private individuals or corporations or 
organizations for the benefit of civil-service employees generally or 
any special class of employees. 

Sec. 9. That every employee coming within the provisions of this 
Act shall be deemed to consent and agree to the deductions from 
salary, pay, or compensation as provided in section 8 hereof, and 
payment less such deductions shall be a full and complete discharge 
and acquittance of all claims and demands whatsoever for all regu¬ 
lar services rendered by such employee during the period covered 
by such payment, except the right to the benefits to which he or she 
shall be entitled under the provisions of this Act, notwithstanding 
the provisions of sections 167, 168, and 169 of the Revised Statutes 
of the United States, and of any other law, rule, or regulation affect¬ 
ing the salary, pay, or compensation of any person or persons em¬ 
ployed in the civil service to whom this Act applies. 

Sec. 10. That upon the transfer of any employee from an unclassi¬ 
fied to a classified status, or upon the reinstatement of a former 
employee, credit for past service rendered subsequent to the date 
this Act shall take effect, or for any part thereof, shall be granted 
only upon deposit with the Treasurer of the United States of the 
amount of such deductions with interest as provided in this Act as 
would have been made for the periods of actual service, or part 
thereof, for which credit is to be given, but such interest shall not be 
computed for periods of separation from the service: Provided , That 
failure to make such deposit shall not deprive the employee of credit 
for any past service rendered prior to the date this Act shall become 
operative, and to which he or she would otherwise be entitled. 

Sec. 11. That in the case of an employee in the classified civil 
service of the United States who shall be transferred to an unclassified 
position, and in the case of any employee to whom this Act applies 
who shall become absolutely separated from the service before be¬ 
coming eligible for retirement on an annuity, the total amount of 
deductions of salary, pay, or compensation with accrued interest com¬ 
puted at the rate of 4 per centum per annum, compounded on June 30 
of each fiscal year, shall, upon application, be returned to such em¬ 
ployee: Provided , That all money so returned to an employee must 
be redeposited with interest before such employee may derive any 
benefit under the provisions of this Act, upon reinstatement or 
retransfer to a classified position; and in case an annuitant shall die 
without having received in annuities an amount equal to the total 
amount of the deductions from his or her salary, pay, or compensa¬ 
tion, together with interest thereon at 4 per centum per annum com¬ 
pounded as herein provided up to the time of his or her death, the 
excess of the said accumulated deductions over the said annuity 


[Pub. 215.] 


7 


payments shall be paid in one sum to his or her legal representatives 
upon the establishment of a valid claim therefor; and in case an 
employee shall die without having reached the retirement age or 
without having established a valid claim for annuity, the total 
amount of deductions with accrued interest as herein provided shall 
be paid to the legal representatives of such employee: Provided, That 
if in case of death the amount of deductions to be paid under the 
provisions of this section does not exceed $300, and if there has been 
no demand upon the Commissioner of Pensions by a duly appointed 
executor or administrator, the payment may be made, after the 
expiration of three months from date of death, to such person or 
persons as may appear in the judgment of the Commissioner of Pen¬ 
sions to be legally entitled to the proceeds of the estate, and such pay¬ 
ment shall be a bar to recovery by any other person. 

Sec. 12. That annuities granted under the terms of this Act shah 
be due and payable monthly on the first business day of the month 
following the month or other period for which the annuity shall have 
accrued, and payment of all annuities, refunds, and allowances 
granted hereunder shall be made by checks drawn and issued by the 
disbursing clerk for the payment of pensions in such form and manner 
and with such safeguards as shall be prescribed by the Secretary of 
the Interior in accordance with the laws, rules, and regulations 
governing accounting that may be found applicable to such payments. 

Sec. 13. That it shall be the duty of the head of each executive 
department and the head of each independent establishment of the 
Government not within the jurisdiction of any executive department 
to report to the Civil Service Commission in such manner as said 
commission may prescribe, the name and grade of each employee to 
whom this Act applies in or under said department or establishment 
who shall be at any time in a nonpay status, showing the dates such 
employee was in a nonpay status, and the amount of salary, pay, or 
compensation lost by the employee by reason of such absence. The 
Civil Service Commission shall keep a record of appointments, 
transfers, changes in grade, separations from the service, reinstate¬ 
ments, loss of pay, and such other information concerning individual 
service as may be deemed essential to a proper determination of 
rights under this Act, and shall furnish the Commissioner of Pensions 
such reports therefrom as he shall from time to time request as 
necessary to the proper adjustment of any claim hereunder, and shall 
prepare and keep all needful tables and records required for carrying 
out the provisions of this Act, including data showing the mortality 
experience of the employees in the service and the percentage of 
withdrawal from such service, and any other information that may 
serve as a guide for future valuations and adjustments of the plan 
for the retirement of employees under this Act. 

The Commissioner of Pensions shall make a detailed comparative 
report annually showing all receipts and disbursements on account 
of refunds, allowances, and annuities, together with the total number 
of persons receiving annuities and the amounts paid them. 

Sec. 14. That none of the moneys mentioned in this Act shall be 
assignable, either in law or equity, or/be subject to execution, levy, 
or attachment, garnishment, or other legal process. 

Sec. 15. That there is hereby authorized to be appropriated, from 
any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of 


8 


[Pub. 215.] 


$100,000 for salaries and for clerical and other services, the purchase 
of books, office equipment, stationery, and other supplies, and all 
* other expenses necessary in carrying out the provisions of this Act, 
including traveling expenses and expenses of medical and other 
examinations as provided in section 5 hereof. 

The Secretary of the Interior shall submit annually to the Secretary 
of the Treasury estimates of the appropriations necessary to continue 
this Act in full force and effect. 

Sec. 16. That the Commissioner of Pensions, with the approval 
of the Secretary of the Interior, is hereby authorized and directed to 
select three actuaries, one of whom shall be the Government actuary, 
to be known as the Board of Actuaries, whose duty it shall be to 
annually report upon the actual operations of this Act, with authority 
to recommend to the Commissioner of Pensions such changes as in 
its judgment may be deemed necessary to protect the public interest 
and maintain the system upon a sound financial basis. It shall be 
the duty of the Commissioner of Pensions to submit with his annual 
report to Congress the recommendations of the Board of Actuaries. 
It shall be the duty of the Board of Actuaries to make a valuation of 
the “civil-service retirement and disability fund” at the end of the 
first year following the passage of this Act and at intervals of every 
five years thereafter, or oftener, if deemed necessary by the Com¬ 
missioner of Pensions. The compensation of the members of the 
Board of Actuaries, exclusive of the Government actuary, shall be 
fixed by the Commissioner of Pensions with the approval of the 
* Secretary of the Interior. 

Sec. 17. That all laws and parts of laws inconsistent with this Act 
are hereby repealed. 

Approve^ May 22, 1920. 






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